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Blade Runner is a 1982 science fiction film directed by Ridley Scott, and written by Hampton Fancher and David Peoples. Starring Harrison Ford, Rutger Hauer and Sean Young, it is loosely based on Philip K. Dick \'s novel Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?

Running time117 minutesCountryUnited StatesHong KongBudget$30 millionBox office$32.9 millionBlade Runner is a 1982 directed by, and written. Starring, and, it is loosely based on \'s novel (1968). The film is set in a future of 2019, in which known as are by the powerful Tyrell Corporation to work on. When a fugitive group of advanced replicants led by (Hauer) escapes back to Earth, burnt-out cop (Ford) reluctantly agrees to hunt them down.Blade Runner initially underperformed in North American theaters and polarized critics; some praised its thematic complexity and visuals, while others were displeased with its slow pacing and lack of action. It later became an acclaimed regarded as one of the. Hailed for its production design depicting a \' future, Blade Runner is a leading example of cinema. The, composed by, was nominated in 1982 for a and a as best original.The film has influenced many science fiction films, and television series.

It brought the work of Philip K. Dick to the attention of Hollywood, and later big-budget films were based on his work, such as (1990), (2002) and (2006). In the year after its release, Blade Runner won the, and in 1993 it was selected for preservation in the U.S. By the as being \'culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\'. A sequel, was released in October 2017.exist as a result of controversial changes requested by studio executives.

A was released in 1992 after a strong response to test screenings of a. This, in conjunction with the film\'s popularity as a video rental, made it one of the earliest movies to be released on. In 2007, released, a 25th-anniversary digitally remastered version; the only version over which Scott retained artistic control. Note: Since there are several versions of Blade Runner, this summary excludes version-specific events. See the article for discussion of version-specific plot elements.In 2019 Los Angeles, former policeman is detained by officer, and brought to his former supervisor,. Deckard, whose job as a \'blade runner\' was to track down bioengineered humanoids known as and \'retire\' (kill) them, is informed that four replicants are on Earth illegally. Deckard begins to leave, but Bryant ambiguously threatens him and Deckard stays.

The two watch a video of a blade runner named administering the Voight-Kampff test, which is designed to distinguish replicants from humans based on their emotional response to questions. The test subject, shoots Holden on the second question. Bryant wants Deckard to retire Leon and the other three Nexus-6 replicants:, and.Bryant has Deckard meet with the CEO of the company that creates the replicants, so he can administer the test on a Nexus-6 to see if it works. Tyrell expresses his interest in seeing the test fail first and asks him to administer it on his assistant. After a much longer than standard test, Deckard concludes that Rachael is a replicant who believes she is human. Tyrell explains that she is an experiment who has been given false memories to provide an \'emotional cushion\'.Searching Leon\'s hotel room, Deckard finds photos and a synthetic snake scale.

Roy and Leon investigate a replicant eye-manufacturing laboratory and learn of, a gifted genetic designer who works closely with Tyrell. Deckard returns to his apartment where Rachael is waiting. She tries to prove her humanity by showing him a family photo but, after Deckard reveals that her memories are implants from Tyrell\'s niece, she leaves in tears. Meanwhile, Pris locates Sebastian and manipulates him to gain his trust.A photograph from Leon\'s apartment and the snake scale lead Deckard to a strip club, where Zhora works. After a confrontation and chase, Deckard kills Zhora. Bryant also orders him to retire Rachael, who has disappeared from the Tyrell Corporation.

After Deckard spots Rachael in a crowd, he is attacked by Leon, who knocks the gun out of Deckard\'s hand and attacks him. As Leon is about to kill Deckard, Rachael saves him by using Deckard\'s gun to kill Leon. They return to Deckard\'s apartment and, during a discussion, he promises not to track her down. As Rachael abruptly tries to leave, Deckard restrains her and forces her to kiss him. Rachael continues to resist, and Deckard blocks her attempts to leave. He persists in his advances, and she ultimately relents.Arriving at Sebastian\'s apartment, Roy tells Pris that the other replicants are dead. Sympathetic to their plight, Sebastian reveals that because of \'Methuselah Syndrome\', a genetic disorder, his life will be cut short, just like the replicants that were built with a four-year lifespan.

Sebastian and Roy gain entrance into Tyrell\'s penthouse, where Roy demands more life from his maker. Tyrell tells him that it is impossible. Roy confesses that he has done \'questionable things\' but Tyrell dismisses this, praising Roy\'s advanced design and accomplishments in his short life.

Roy kisses Tyrell, then kills him. Sebastian runs for the elevator, followed by Roy, who rides the elevator down alone. Deckard is later told by Bryant that Sebastian was found dead.At Sebastian\'s apartment, Deckard is ambushed by Pris, but he kills her as Roy returns. Roy\'s body begins to fail as the end of his lifespan nears. He chases Deckard through the building, ending up on the roof. Deckard tries to jump onto another roof but is left hanging on the edge.

Roy makes the jump with ease and, as Deckard\'s grip loosens, Roy hoists him onto the roof to save him. Before Roy dies, he delivers a monolog about how his memories \'. Gaff arrives and shouts to Deckard about Rachael: \'It\'s too bad she won\'t live, but then again, who does?\' Deckard returns to his apartment and finds Rachael asleep in his bed. They leave the apartment block together.Themes.

Main article:The film operates on multiple dramatic and narrative levels. It employs some of the conventions of, among them the character of a; narration by the protagonist (in the original release); cinematography; and giving the hero a questionable moral outlook – extended to include reflections upon the nature of his own humanity.

It is a literate science fiction film, thematically enfolding the philosophy of religion and moral implications of human mastery of in the context of. It also draws on Biblical images, such as, and literary sources, such as. Although Scott said any similarity was merely coincidental, fans claimed that the chess game between Sebastian and Tyrell was based on the famous of 1851.Blade Runner delves into the effects of technology on the environment and society by reaching to the past, using literature, classical dramatic themes, and film noir techniques. This tension between past, present, and future is represented in the \'retrofitted\' future depicted in the film, one which is high-tech and gleaming in places but decayed and outdated elsewhere. In an interview with in 2002, director Ridley Scott described the film as \'extremely dark, both literally and metaphorically, with an oddly masochistic feel\'. He also said that he \'liked the idea of exploring pain\' in the wake of his brother\'s death: \'When he was ill, I used to go and visit him in London, and that was really traumatic for me.\' A sense of foreboding and paranoia pervades the world of the film: corporate power looms large; the police seem omnipresent; vehicle and warning lights probe into buildings; and the consequences of huge biomedical power over the individual are explored –especially regarding replicants\' implanted memories.

Control over the environment is exercised on a vast scale, and goes hand in hand with the absence of any natural life; for example, artificial animals stand in for their extinct predecessors. This oppressive backdrop explains the frequently referenced migration of humans to \'off-world\' (extraterrestrial) colonies. Eyes are a recurring motif, as are manipulated images, calling into question the nature of reality and our ability to accurately perceive and remember it.These thematic elements provide an atmosphere of uncertainty for Blade Runner \'s central theme of examining humanity. In order to discover replicants, an empathy test is used, with a number of its questions focused on the treatment of animals – seemingly an essential indicator of one\'s \'humanity\'. The replicants appear to show compassion and concern for one another and are juxtaposed against human characters who lack empathy, while the mass of humanity on the streets is cold and impersonal. The film goes so far as to question if Deckard might be a replicant, in the process asking the audience to re-evaluate what it means to be human.The question of whether Deckard is intended to be a human or a replicant has been an ongoing controversy since the film\'s release. Both Michael Deeley and Harrison Ford wanted Deckard to be human, while Hampton Fancher preferred ambiguity.

Ridley Scott has stated that in his vision, Deckard is a replicant. Deckard\'s unicorn-dream sequence, inserted into Scott\'s Director\'s Cut and concomitant with Gaff\'s parting gift of an origami unicorn, is seen by many as showing that Deckard is a replicant – because Gaff could have retrieved Deckard\'s implanted memories. The interpretation that Deckard is a replicant is challenged by others who believe the unicorn imagery shows that the characters, whether human or replicant, share the same dreams and recognize their affinity, or that the absence of a decisive answer is crucial to the film\'s main theme. The film\'s inherent ambiguity and uncertainty, as well as its textual richness, have permitted multiple interpretations. Production Casting. See also: ActorRoleRoy BattyRachaelGaffBryantPrisJ.F.

SebastianLeon KowalskiEldon TyrellZhora SalomeChewDave HoldenTaffey Lewisthe film proved troublesome, particularly for the lead role of Deckard. Screenwriter Hampton Fancher envisioned as Deckard and wrote the character\'s dialogue with Mitchum in mind. Director Ridley Scott and the film\'s producers spent months meeting and discussing the role with, who eventually departed over differences in vision. Harrison Ford was ultimately chosen for several reasons, including his performance in the films, Ford\'s interest in the Blade Runner story, and discussions with who was finishing at the time and strongly praised Ford\'s work in the film. Following his success in films like Star Wars (1977) and Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981), Ford was looking for a role with dramatic depth. According to production documents, several actors were considered for the role, including, and.One role that was not difficult to cast was as Roy Batty, the violent yet thoughtful leader of the replicants. Scott cast Hauer without having met him, based solely on Hauer\'s performances in \'s movies Scott had seen (, and ).

Hauer\'s portrayal of Batty was regarded by Philip K. Dick as \'the perfect Batty – cold, flawless\'. Of the many films Hauer made, Blade Runner was his favorite. As he explained in a live chat in 2001, \' Blade Runner needs no explanation.

It just is. All of the best. There is nothing like it. To be part of a real masterpiece which changed the world\'s thinking. It\'s awesome.\' Hauer rewrote his character\'s \' speech himself and presented the words to Scott on set prior to filming.Blade Runner used a number of then-lesser-known actors: portrays Rachael, an experimental replicant implanted with the memories of Tyrell\'s niece, causing her to believe she is human; auditioned for the role.

Portrays Pris, a \'basic pleasure model\' replicant; auditioned for the role, but was given another part in the film, which was ultimately cut before filming. Casting Pris and Rachael was challenging, requiring several screen tests with playing the role of Deckard. Paull was cast as Deckard\'s fellow bounty hunter Holden based on his performances in the tests. Portrays Leon Kowalski, a combat and laborer replicant, and portrays Zhora, an assassin replicant.portrays Gaff.

Olmos drew on diverse ethnic sources to help create the fictional \' language his character uses in the film. His initial address to Deckard at the noodle bar is partly in Hungarian and means, \'Horse dick bullshit! You are the Blade. Blade Runner.\' Plays Captain Bryant, a hard-drinking, sleazy, and underhanded police veteran typical of the genre. Eldon Tyrell, a corporate mogul who built an empire on genetically manipulated humanoid slaves.

Was cast as J. F. Sebastian, a quiet and lonely genius who provides a compassionate yet compliant portrait of humanity. Sympathizes with the replicants, whom he sees as companions, and he shares their shorter lifespan due to his rapid aging disease.

Had earlier been considered for the role. Portrays Hannibal Chew, an elderly geneticist specializing in synthetic eyes, and portrayed the sleazy bar owner Taffey Lewis – in a single take, something almost unheard-of with Scott, whose drive for perfection resulted at times in double-digit takes. Development.

Map of Ridleyville, exterior sets for Blade Runner located on the New York Street of the Warner Bros. Studios lot.Interest in adapting \'s novel developed shortly after its 1968 publication.

Director was interested in filming the novel, but never it. Producer optioned it in the early 1970s, but Dick was unimpressed with the screenplay written by Herb\'s son Robert: \'Jaffe\'s screenplay was so terribly done. Robert flew down to to speak with me about the project. And the first thing I said to him when he got off the plane was, \'Shall I beat you up here at the airport, or shall I beat you up back at my apartment?

\'The screenplay by was optioned in 1977. Producer became interested in Fancher\'s draft and convinced director Ridley Scott to film it. Scott had previously declined the project, but after leaving the slow production of, wanted a faster-paced project to take his mind off his older brother\'s recent death. He joined the project on February 21, 1980, and managed to push up the promised financing from US$13 million to $15 million. Fancher\'s script focused more on environmental issues and less on issues of humanity and religion, which are prominent in the novel and Scott wanted changes. Fancher found a cinema treatment by for \'s novel (1974), titled. Scott liked the name, so Deeley obtained the rights to the titles.

Eventually he hired to rewrite the script and Fancher left the job over the issue on December 21, 1980, although he later returned to contribute additional rewrites.Having invested over $2.5 million in pre-production, as the date of commencement of principal photography neared, Filmways withdrew financial backing. In ten days Deeley had secured $21.5 million in financing through a three-way deal between (through Warner Bros.), the Hong Kong-based producer and.Dick became concerned that no one had informed him about the film\'s production, which added to his distrust of Hollywood. After Dick criticized an early version of Fancher\'s script in an article written for the Los Angeles Select TV Guide, the studio sent Dick the Peoples rewrite. Although Dick died shortly before the film\'s release, he was pleased with the rewritten script and with a 20-minute special effects test reel that was screened for him when he was invited to the studio. Despite his well-known skepticism of Hollywood in principle, Dick enthused to Scott that the world created for the film looked exactly as he had imagined it. He said, \'I saw a segment of \'s special effects for Blade Runner on the KNBC-TV news. I recognized it immediately.

It was my own interior world. They caught it perfectly.\'

He also approved of the film\'s script, saying, \'After I finished reading the screenplay, I got the novel out and looked through it. The two reinforce each other, so that someone who started with the novel would enjoy the movie and someone who started with the movie would enjoy the novel.\'

The motion picture was dedicated to Dick. Principal photography of Blade Runner began on March 9, 1981, and ended four months later.In 1992, Ford revealed, \' Blade Runner is not one of my favorite films. I tangled with Ridley.\' Apart from friction with the director, Ford also disliked the: \'When we started shooting it had been tacitly agreed that the version of the film that we had agreed upon was the version without voiceover narration.

It was a f.king nightmare. I thought that the film had worked without the narration. But now I was stuck re-creating that narration. And I was obliged to do the voiceovers for people that did not represent the director\'s interests.\' 'I went kicking and screaming to the studio to record it.\'

The narration monologs were written by an uncredited.In 2006, Scott was asked \'Who\'s the biggest pain in the arse you\'ve ever worked with?\' , he replied: \'It\'s got to be Harrison. He\'ll forgive me because now I get on with him. Now he\'s become charming. But he knows a lot, that\'s the problem.

When we worked together it was my first film up and I was the new kid on the block. But we made a good movie.\' Ford said of Scott in 2000: \'I admire his work.

We had a bad patch there, and I\'m over it.\' In 2006 Ford reflected on the production of the film saying: \'What I remember more than anything else when I see Blade Runner is not the 50 nights of shooting in the rain, but the voiceover. I was still obliged to work for these clowns that came in writing one bad voiceover after another.\' Ridley Scott confirmed in the summer 2007 issue of that Harrison Ford contributed to the Blade Runner Special Edition DVD, and had already recorded his interviews. \'Harrison\'s fully on board\', said Scott.

– Description from the original press kit.The Voight-Kampff machine is a fictional interrogation tool, originating from the novel (where it is spelled \'Voigt-Kampff\'). The Voight-Kampff is a -like machine used by blade runners to determine whether an individual is a replicant. It measures bodily functions such as respiration, blush response, heart rate and eye movement in response to questions dealing with empathy. (Tyrell states: \'Capillary dilation of the so-called blush response? Fluctuation of the pupil? Involuntary dilation of the iris?\'

) In the film, two replicants – Leon and Rachael – take the test. Deckard tells Tyrell that it usually takes 20 to 30 cross-referenced questions to distinguish a replicant; in contrast with the book, where it is stated it only takes six or seven questions to make a determination. In the film, it takes more than a hundred questions to determine that Rachael is a replicant. Blade Runner 2049 uses a different but related tool called the Baseline Test.Music. Main article:The Blade Runner soundtrack by is a dark melodic combination of classic composition and futuristic synthesizers which mirrors the film-noir retro-future envisioned by Ridley Scott. Vangelis, fresh from his -winning score for, composed and performed the music on his synthesizers.

He also made use of various chimes and the vocals of collaborator. Another memorable sound is the tenor sax solo \'Love Theme\' by British saxophonist, who performed on many of Vangelis\'s albums. Tesla\'s Cybertruck was heavily inspired by Blade RunnerWhile not initially a success with North American audiences, Blade Runner was popular internationally and garnered a. The film\'s dark style and futuristic designs have served as a benchmark and its influence can be seen in many subsequent science fiction films, and television programs.

For example, and, the producers of the re-imagining of, have both cited Blade Runner as one of the major influences for the show.The film was selected for preservation in the United States in 1993 and is frequently taught in university courses. In 2007, it was named the second-most visually influential film of all time by the.

The film has also been the subject of parody, such as the comics Blade Bummer by comics, Bad Rubber by, and the 2009 three-part miniseries \'. The anime series by was also highly influenced by the movie.Blade Runner continues to reflect modern trends and concerns, and an increasing number of critics consider it one of the greatest science fiction films of all time. It was voted the best science fiction film ever made in a 2004 poll of 60 eminent world scientists. Blade Runner is also cited as an important influence to both the style and story of the film series, which itself has been highly influential to the future-noir genre.

Blade Runner has been very influential to the movement. It also influenced the, which revolves around and.The dialogue and music in Blade Runner has been in music more than any other film of the 20th century. The 2009 album by Singaporean band makes numerous references to the genetic engineering and cloning themes from the film, and even features a track titled \'Replicant\'.Blade Runner is cited as a major influence on, designer of the video game, which displays evidence of the film\'s influence in both its visual rendering and plot. Indeed, the film\'s look – and in particular its overall darkness, preponderance of neon lights and opaque visuals – are easier to than complicated backdrops, making it a popular reference point for video game designers.

It has influenced such as the 2012 graphical, the series, (and their ), the, the, the and the series of video games.The logos of, and, all market leaders at the time, were prominently displayed as in the film, and all experienced setbacks after the film\'s release, leading to suggestions of a Blade Runner curse. And recovered, and was also featured in the film and was more successful after the film than before.The design of was reportedly inspired by the film.

Prior to its release promised that it would \'look like something out of Blade Runner.\' Besides referring to the truck as the \'Blade Runner Truck\', Musk choose to debut the truck in order to coincide with the film\'s setting of November 2019.

The film\'s art designer praised the truck and said he was \'flattered\' by the homage to Blade Runner. Screen capture of DVD bonus feature from Prometheus (2012), a dictated letter by Peter Weyland about Eldon Tyrell, Chief Executive Officer of the Tyrell CorporationA direct sequel was released in 2017, titled, with in the starring role. It entered production in mid-2016 and is set decades after the first film. It saw Harrison Ford reprise his role as.Dick\'s friend wrote three authorized Blade Runner novels that continue Rick Deckard\'s story, attempting to resolve the differences between the film and Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? These are (1995), (1996), and (2000)Blade Runner cowriter wrote the 1998 action film, which he referred to as a \' or to the original film; the two are set in a. A bonus feature on the Blu-ray for, the 2012 film by Scott set in the universe, states that Eldon Tyrell, CEO of the Blade Runner Tyrell Corporation, was the mentor of \'s character Peter Weyland.

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